Much has been written about Copyright, Fair Use, and the TEACH Act as court cases interpret and reinterpret their applications. Below are links to credible sites that provide glimpses of this complex subject. For us here at Miramar College, consult Board of Trustees Policy 5750 which points to San Diego Community College District Copyright Guidelines.
Copyright
"Copyright is a form of protection provided by the laws of the United States for 'original works of authorship', including literary, dramatic, musical, architectural, cartographic, choreographic, pantomimic, pictorial, graphic, sculptural, and audiovisual creations. 'Copyright' literally means the right to copy but has come to mean that body of exclusive rights granted by law to copyright owners for protection of their work. Copyright protection does not extend to any idea, procedure, process, system, title, principle, or discovery. Similarly, names, titles, short phrases, slogans, familiar symbols, mere variations of typographic ornamentation, lettering, coloring, and listings of contents or ingredients are not subject to copyright."--U.S. Copyright Office Definitions
• San Diego Community College District Copyright Guidelines
• SDCCD Guidelines for the Use of Copyrighted Material (2018 revision : PDF document)
• United States Copyright Office
• Copyright Clearance Center will help you get copyright clearances for one-time use, annual use and so on.
• Columbia University Copyright Basics
• Video and Copyright - American Library Association Fact Sheet
Video Captioning Information
• SDCCD Captioning Policy (BP 3108)
• SDCCD Administrative Procedure (AP 3108.1)
• Captioning Videos - procedures for getting uncaptioned videos captioned - a guide by Sandra Pesce, San Diego City College
Fair Use
From 17 U.S. Code ss 107 per Cornell University Law "...the fair use of a copyrighted work, including such use by reproduction in copies or phonorecords or by any other means specified by that section, for purposes such as criticism, comment, news reporting, teaching (including multiple copies for classroom use), scholarship, or research, is not an infringement of copyright" according to the fair use doctrine.
Per Stanford University, "... the only way to get a definitive answer on whether a particular use is a fair use is to have it resolved in federal court. Judges use [the following] four factors to resolve fair use disputes:
- the purpose and character of your use [commercial, non-profit...]
- the nature of the copyrighted work
- the amount and substantiality of the portion taken
- and the effect of the use upon the potential market."
• Stanford University Copyright & Fair Use - additional information regarding fair use
• Fair Use Evaluator - an interactive tool to help you determine what qualifies as fair use and what does not
TEACH Act
Technology, Education and Copyright Harmonization Act
"The TEACH Act of 2002 primarily expanded the copyright exemption for online instruction, including the range of allowable works in distance education settings. It permits the performance or display of complete non-dramatic literary or musical works, such as the reading of a poem or short story, or listening to music other than opera or musicals. Showing films or videos is still restricted to limited portions. The TEACH Act also expanded the permissible locations for accessing distance education beyond classrooms or computer labs." Quotation source and for more information see the University of California's TEACH Act page.